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Vegetation & Ecosystem Data

IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology

IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology maps ecosystem functional groups globally for conservation and risk assessment.

Format Shapefile / GeoJSON
Coverage Global
Resolution Ecosystem unit polygons
License Free non-commercial use
Update Versioned releases
Download source Open official source

Format

Shapefile / GeoJSON

Geometry

Polygon (ecosystem units)

Coverage

Global

Resolution

Ecosystem unit polygons

About this dataset

IUCN's global ecosystem classification map showing functional groups and ecosystem distribution.

The IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology provides a hierarchical classification and spatial dataset of ecosystem functional groups globally, supporting Red List of Ecosystems assessments, conservation planning, and ecosystem risk analysis.

Ecosystem classification Biodiversity conservation Ecosystem risk assessment

How to download

  1. 1 Open the IUCN Ecosystem Typology portal.
  2. 2 Select ecosystem data product.
  3. 3 Download the shapefile for your region.
  4. 4 Overlay with land cover for ecosystem analysis.

Ecosystem Typology portal

Interactive map and downloads

→

IUCN RLE

Ecosystem risk assessment resources

→

FAQ

What are functional groups?

Functional groups group ecosystems with similar ecological functions, processes, and environmental drivers.

How is this different from land cover?

Ecosystem typology considers ecology and function, while land cover is based on surface characteristics alone.